Kurenza ikindi gihe cyose, gukenera serivisi zubuhinduzi byabaye byinshi kwisi yose. International.com mu kiganiro cyayo ku bijyanye na serivisi z’ubuhinduzi yagize ati: “Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Dallas Morning News kibitangaza, muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika honyine mu myaka icumi ishize, umubare w'akazi ku basemuzi wikubye kabiri uwahoze, kandi biteganijwe ko uziyongera. abagera kuri 46 ku ijana baza 2022. ” (Inkomoko: International.com )
Guhitamo ibisobanuro byurubuga rwawe rwubucuruzi nintambwe yumvikana cyane nkuko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bubigaragaza. Bumwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi bwerekana ko kugera ku mirongo inani ku ijana (80%) by'abatuye isi, wowe nk'ikirango, uteganijwe kuvugana byibuze mu ndimi cumi n'ebyiri (12) zitandukanye. Kubwibyo, umubare wibikorwa byubucuruzi bigenda byiyongera kubisobanuro byurubuga rwubucuruzi kuburyo bizashoboka ko batsindira abakoresha benshi cyane bashobora kuba abakiriya. Aka kazi gakomeye, nukuvuga rero, gasaba amaboko menshi niyo mpamvu kugabanya akazi ko gusemura muri serivisi zubuhinduzi bwabantu atari byiza. Byinshi muribi bimenyetso bishakisha ubundi buryo butari ubusemuzi bwabantu bizabafasha kugera kubikorwa byiza byubuhinduzi.
Ariko, niba ubuhinduzi bwabantu butazaba buhagije kubwiki gikorwa, ni ubuhe bundi buryo bufatika buhari? Igisubizo kiroroshye, guhindura imashini. Ikintu kimwe kigabanya ubusobanuro bwimashini mugihe ugereranije nabasemuzi babigize umwuga nukubera ko ibisohoka mubisobanuro byimashini bidashobora na rimwe kuba ukuri kandi bifite ireme nkibisubizo byumusemuzi wumuntu. Impamvu kuba iyo mashini ikora kandi ikabura gusobanukirwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe byindimi. Nka sisitemu yikora, imashini igomba gukurikiza urutonde rwa protocole, amategeko atangwa muburyo bwimirongo miremire ya code ya progaramu ishobora guhura namakosa bityo bigatuma habaho amakosa ahenze kandi ateye isoni mumyandiko yatanzwe mururimi rugenewe .
Hatitawe kubibi byo guhindura imashini, byagiye byerekana ko aribwo butabazi bwonyine kubikorwa nkibi byubucuruzi bwifuza kujya kwisi yose. Muri iki kiganiro, tuzaganira cyane kuki guhitamo guhindura imashini ari byiza guhitamo iterambere ryubucuruzi bwawe.
1. Iyo Guhindura Urubuga Bisaba Umuvuduko Ukomeye
Hano harakenewe cyane umuvuduko mugihe cyo guhindura. Muri iki gihe isi yubucuruzi, igisubizo cyihuse nimwe mubintu bikundwa cyane mubucuruzi bwiza. Kugirango ubashe gusubiza byihuse, ibigo byinshi nubucuruzi byahisemo gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga kugirango bahuze nabakiriya babo ndetse nabashaka kuzigura. Niba ushaka kubaka ikirango ni ukuvuga ishusho yubucuruzi izubahwa kwisi yose, ugomba gutanga ibisubizo kubibazo byabakiriya bawe bidatinze. Na none, ugomba gushaka igisubizo, niba bishoboka, kubyo bashaka mugihe nyacyo.
Biteganijwe ko bamwe mubakiriya bawe cyangwa abakoresha bawe bazohereza mubibazo, ibitekerezo n'ubutumwa mururimi rwabo kandi bizakubera byiza gusubiza mururimi rwabo rwumvikana. Birashobora gutwara igihe kinini ushakisha umusemuzi wumuntu kugirango asobanure ubutumwa bwabakiriya bawe mugihe bakeneye igisubizo ako kanya. Aha niho hasobanurwa imashini yinjiza nkumukiza. Cyakora igihe nyacyo cyo guhindura ibisobanuro byabakiriya bawe kubibazo, ibitekerezo, ibibazo nibitekerezo birashoboka kandi uzashobora gusubiza cyangwa gusubiza ibibazo byabo hamwe ningaruka byihuse.
Niba urimo utekereza mubisobanuro byubuhinduzi bwimashini hamwe nubusobanuro bwabantu ugomba gukoresha umushinga, ibaze ubwawe harihutirwa byihutirwa mubindi kugirango utange umushinga mugihe? Gukenera umuvuduko birenze gukenera ukuri? Niba wasubije yego kubibazo cyangwa byombi, noneho guhitamo imashini ni icyemezo cyiza ushobora gufata.
2. Iyo ubonye ibisobanuro byinyandiko ni uguhitamo hejuru yikibonezamvugo
Nubwo ari byiza kugira interuro yoroshye kandi ikibonezamvugo ikosora mugihe ushyikirana ukoresheje inyandiko, nyamara rimwe na rimwe ntabwo ari ikibazo kinini iyo ibyatanzwe byumvikana.
Iyo bigeze kumasomo, nukuri ko guhindura imashini bishobora rimwe na rimwe kuba bibi cyane. Ariko, niba umusomyi agomba gukurikiza ibisobanuro bijyanye nibyasobanuwe, barashobora kubona intego yamakuru yatanzwe. Kubwibyo, urashobora gukoresha imashini isobanura imashini mugihe uzi ko amategeko yikibonezamvugo atari ngombwa nkukwumva inyandiko.
Uburyo bwo guhindura ikibonezamvugo aho biteganijwe ko syntax na semantique byitaweho ni byiza gusigara kubasemuzi babigize umwuga kubera gusa abahanga mu ndimi zabantu bashobora gukurikiza byoroshye amategeko yikibonezamvugo ajyanye na buri ndimi zombi mugihe bakora ibisobanuro. Ibintu nkibi byururimi ntibishobora kwitabwaho neza no guhindura imashini.
Inshingano nko kwakira Ibitekerezo no gusubirwamo nabakiriya, gutegura inyandiko zo kuzenguruka, kumva abanywanyi baturutse mu bindi bice byisi, gutegura amagambo yo gukoresha nibindi bikwiranye no guhindura imashini kuko bizagabanya amafaranga menshi yaba yarakoreshejwe mugukoresha abantu abasemuzi.
3. Iyo ukomeje gusubiramo amakuru amwe cyangwa amakuru asa
Niba ufite uburyo bumwe bwo kuvugana nabakoresha nabakiriya bawe, ugomba kujya mubisobanuro byimashini. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane iyo rimwe na rimwe usubiramo amakuru cyangwa amakuru yakoreshejwe mbere.
Nanone, imashini ikomeza gukurikirana kandi yibuka ibyahinduwe byose byakozwe nintoki mu nyandiko yabanje guhindurwa. Porogaramu irashobora guhamagara inyuma kandi ubutaha igice gisa nacyo cyahinduwe ntihazaba hakenewe gukosorwa intoki. Hamwe nigihe, imashini ikomeza kumenyera gukosora intoki bikorwa kandi ifite kwibuka byose. Kandi kubera ko ari uburyo bumwe bwinyandiko ukurikiza, imashini ntizakora amakosa asanzwe.
Wikipedia isobanura kandi ko "Porogaramu yo guhindura imashini igezweho itezimbere umusaruro ugabanya imipaka isimburwa. Ubu buryo bukora neza muri domaine aho imvugo ikoreshwa cyangwa formulaire ikoreshwa. Nukuvuga ko guhindura imashini ibyangombwa byemewe n'amategeko na leta byoroshye kubyara umusaruro ukoreshwa kuruta ibiganiro cyangwa inyandiko itari mike. Ibisohoka byiza byongerewe imbaraga birashobora kandi kugerwaho hifashishijwe ibisobanuro byabantu: kurugero, birashoboka cyane ko sisitemu zimwe zishobora guhindurwa muburyo bwuzuye niba uyikoresha yarashizeho urutonde rwamazina akwiye mumyandiko ari. Hifashishijwe ubwo buryo, Ubuhinduzi bwa Machine bwerekanye ko ari ingirakamaro nk'igikoresho cyo gufasha n'abasemuzi b'umwuga… ” (Source: Wikipedia )
4. Iyo hari umubare munini wakazi ugomba guhindurwa
Nukuri ko impuzandengo yamagambo umusemuzi wumwuga wabigize umwuga ashobora kubona ni 1500 kumunsi. Noneho tekereza, reka tuvuge ko ufite amagambo ibihumbi kugeza kuri miriyoni uteganya guhindura kuva mu rurimi rumwe ukajya mu rundi kandi ku ndimi zigera ku 10 z’amahanga, bigiye kuba umurimo munini waba unaniza abantu gukora. Na none, uzakenera abasemuzi benshi kugirango babigereho.Mu bihe nkibi, inzira yonyine ishoboka nukwiyandikisha mubisobanuro byimashini.
Guhindura imashini nkuko byagaragaye ko aribyiza iyo biza gukora umubare munini winyandiko zitegereje guhindurwa. Hariho kwitonda. Icyitonderwa hano nuko mugihe utekereza guhindura hamwe na mashini hitamo amagambo witonze uzi ko bizoroha guhindurwa na mashini no kumenya ibikenewe kwifashishwa mubisobanuro byabantu.
Ntabwo impapuro zose zurubuga rwawe zigomba guhindurwa hakoreshejwe imashini. Ibice byunvikana nibice byibanda kubakiriya bawe kimwe nibice bijyanye namafaranga no kugurisha birashobora gukoreshwa nabantu mugihe ukoresheje imashini ni ukuvuga software yo guhindura ibice bisigaye kurupapuro rwurubuga.
Rimwe na rimwe nibyiza kwerekana kurupapuro rwawe ko igice cyarebwaga ari imashini yahinduwe kurubuga.
Kuba ubusobanuro bwimashini budasobanutse neza nkubuhinduzi bwakozwe nabasemuzi babigize umwuga ntabwo bivuze ko bugomba guhabwa agaciro. Mubyukuri, guhindura imashini nuburyo bwo guhindura imishinga myinshi mpuzamahanga ikoresha uyumunsi. Ibi ni nkibisubizo byuko byabafashije kwagura imipaka yisoko kugirango bakire abantu benshi bahindura abaguzi, abakiriya cyangwa abakoresha. Ubusobanuro bwimashini bwagiye burerekana ko aribwo bukiza bwonyine kubikorwa nkibi bikomeye kubucuruzi bwifuza kujya kwisi yose. Kugirango uhindure neza urubuga rwawe nubucuruzi, ntushobora gushingira gusa kubisobanuro byimashini ariko nanone rimwe na rimwe, ugomba gukoresha serivisi zabasemuzi. Kubwibyo, mugihe uteganya gukoresha imashini kubisobanuro byawe, kurikiza amayeri yubatswe neza kandi afite ingamba kugirango ugere ku ntsinzi nini. Utarinze gucecekesha amagambo, urashobora kwishimira iterambere ryateye imbere mubucuruzi no kwaguka kurwego mpuzamahanga niba ukoresha imashini isobanura.